Occurrence and Risk Factors for Acute Urinary Retention and Urinary Tract Infection in Patients Undergoing Urinary Drainage after Colorectal Resection

Objective: This study aimed to explore the occurrence of acute urinary retention (AUR) and urinary tract infection (UTI) in patients undergoing urinary drainage after colorectal resection and analyse the risk factors. Methods: Clinical data of 167 patients with urinary drainage after colorectal resection in Affiliated Qingdao Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Hospital from November 2020 to November 2022 were retrospectively analysed. Clinical data included age, gender, diabetes, hypertension, lesion location, surgical method, previous history of abdominal surgery, urinary system diseases (urinary calculi, benign prostatic hyperplasia and urethral stricture), use of antibiotics before surgery, use of analgesic and sedative drugs after surgery, postoperative extubation time and postoperative adhesive intestinal obstruction. The postoperative AUR and UTI in patients were statistically analysed. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to explore the risk factors and odds ratio (OR) for AUR and UTI. Results: The incidences of AUR and UTI were 23.95% (40/167) and 16.77% (28/167). Patients were divided into AUR group (n = 40), non-AUR group (n = 127), UTI group (n = 28) and non-UTI group (n = 139). Logistic regression analysis showed that previous history of abdominal surgery (OR = 3.517, 95% CI: 1.005–12.313), urinary system diseases (OR = 8.253, 95% CI: 2.692–25.303), postoperative extubation time (OR = 0.536, 95% CI: 0.393–0.732) and postoperative adhesive intestinal obstruction (OR = 25.293, 95% CI: 6.747–94.827) were risk factors for AUR in patients with urinary drainage after colorectal resection (p < 0.05). Female (OR = 21.569, 95% CI: 1.094–425.138), long postoperative extubation time (OR = 26.218, 95% CI: 3.318–207.151) and urinary system diseases (OR = 8.647, 95% CI: 3.425–21.831) were risk factors for UTI in patients undergoing urinary drainage after colorectal resection (p < 0.05). Age and preoperative use of antibiotics were not key influencing factors for UTI (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Clinical attention is paid to high-risk factors and groups. Corresponding interventions are taken as soon as possible to reduce the occurrence of AUR and UTI and further improve the prognosis of patients with urinary drainage after colorectal resection.