Chemical Composition, Antioxidant Activities, and Total Phenolic Content of Combination of Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) Peel-Kodavan (Centella asiatica L. Urban) Fractions

Herbs, known for their naturally active chemicals, are currently being reconsidered as a safer alternative medication. The natural substances that are known to have lots of bioactivities, such as antioxidant properties, are mangosteen (Garcinia mangosatana L.) (GM) and kodavan (Centella asiatica L. Urban) (CA). However, the antioxidant activities of the GM-CA combination have not been previously reported. It is essential to investigate the properties of the active fractions to determine which fraction possesses the best antioxidant activities. Therefore, this research aimed to determine the chemical composition and evaluate the antioxidant activities (IC50) and total phenolic content (TPC) of GM, CA, and their combination. The combination is expected to exhibit a synergistic effect and an increase in antioxidant activities. GM and CA were percolated using ethanol and successively partitioned by n-hexane and ethyl acetate. Antioxidant activities and TPC were evaluated using DPPH and Folin Ciocalteu methods, respectively. Chemical components were determined through LC-MS/MS analysis and phytochemical screening. The combination of ethyl acetate fractions (EAF) of GM-CA in a 1:3 ratio indicates synergistic interaction, strong antioxidant activities IC50 = 62.00 ppm, and 132.38 mgGAE/g of TPC. Phytochemical screening showed the presence of flavonoids, terpenoids, and polyphenols. LC MS/MS identified several compounds in GM, such as (+/-) gomisin M2, archangelicin, biodinin A, α-mangosteen, samarcandin acetate, and achilin. In CA, 5,7,2',5'-tetrahydroxy-flavon, 5-hydroxy-6,4'-dimethoxy-flavone-7-O-β-D-glucopyranose, asiaticoside, kaempferol-3,7- diglucoside, madecassoside, 3β,6β,23-trihydroxy-urs-12-en-28-oic acid, kaempferol-3-O rutinoside, and mahuannin F, were determined