Women's experience of polycystic ovary syndrome management: A systematic review and meta‐synthesis

Abstract Background Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common chronic condition in women of child‐bearing age. There is currently no effective treatment, so early and long‐term management is essential. However, there are many problems in the practice of disease management in women with PCOS that make it difficult to achieve good outcomes. Objective To explore women's experience of PCOS management and identify the relevant facilitators and barriers to management. Search strategy A structured search was undertaken in five bibliographic databases (MEDLINE, Web of Science, CINAHL, Embase, PubMed, and Cochrane) from the date of establishment of the database up to December 2022. Selection criteria All qualitative and mixed‐methods studies available in English describing the experience of PCOS management from the patients' perspective were included. Data collection and analysis The Joanna Briggs Institute Qualitative Assessment and Review Instrument was used to appraise study quality. The evidence was synthesized using a pragmatic meta‐aggregative approach guided by the capability, opportunity, and motivation model of behavior (COM‐B). Main results A total of 13 studies were included with 85 equivocal findings and 12 credible findings. The findings were meta‐aggregated into three themes: (1) capability of women with PCOS, including patients' attitudes toward disease and management, knowledge, and skills of the disease; (2) opportunities in PCOS management, including information about PCOS, diagnostic delay, disease characteristics, disease management plan, and logistical and environmental problems; and (3) motivation in PCOS management, including impact of symptoms, perceived needs, support and feedback, and unpleasant medical experience. Conclusions This study identifies facilitators and barriers to PCOS management from the patient perspective, which can guide the design and implementation of PCOS management programs for patients. This study also provides information for future research into how the COM‐B theory can be incorporated into specific management plans to promote patient action.