Synthesis and application of silicone modified flame retardant for polyester fabric

The flame-retardant treatment of polyester fabrics has been widely reported, but most of these treatments cause a significant decrease in the fabric's handle, such as fluffiness and softness. This study designed and synthesised a new phosphorus-nitrogen-containing silicone oil (PNSO). Then, PNSO as a flame-retardant was treated on polyester fabric through a pad-dry-cure procedure. The limiting oxygen index (LOI), afterflame time and damaged length of the finished polyester fabric (PNSO-F) were enhanced from 20.5%, 73.1 s and 26.8 cm to 28.3%, 4.5 s and 12.3 cm, respectively. After 12 washes, PNSO-F retained its good flame-retardancy and anti-dripping properties. Furthermore, the flame-retardant mechanism of PNSO on fabric was investigated using different spectral methods, which revealed that nitrogen acting in the gas phase, and phosphorus and silicone in the condensed phase worked together to produce a synergistic flame-retardant effect. In addition, KES tests indicated that the fluffiness and softness of PNSO-F were significantly improved.