Research status on remediation of eutrophic water by submerged macrophytes: A review

The issue of eutrophication of water bodies has attracted worldwide attention. Ecological restoration is a promising method to prevent and control eutrophic water bodies. Submerged macrophytes are widely used in the restoration processes. It can not only provide abundant food and habitat for zooplankton, but also inhibit the growth of algae through allelopathy or nutrient competition. This article provides a comprehensive review on research status on the remediation of eutrophic water by submerged macrophytes, with emphasis on the main affecting factors for their growth, including nutrients, light, water depth, sediment, temperature, biochar, transparency, and water flow. The optimum growth conditions of submerged macrophytes are further analyzed to provide guide for further studies and rear applications on the remediation of eutrophic water by submerged macrophytes.