氯
过氧化氢
消毒剂
抗生素耐药性
抗生素
微生物学
化学
水消毒
废物管理
环境科学
环境工程
生物
有机化学
工程类
作者
Siyi Wang,Zhiwei Shao,Guang Chen,Bingjie Lin,Dan Li,Jianmin Chen
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134697
摘要
Airborne pathogens severely threaten public health worldwide. Air disinfection is essential to ensure public health. However, excessive use of disinfectants may endanger environmental and ecological security due to the residual disinfectants and their by-products. This study systematically evaluated disinfection efficiency, induction of multidrug resistance, and the underlying mechanisms of disinfectants (NaClO and H2O2) on airborne bacteria. The results showed that airborne bacteria were effectively inactivated by atomized NaClO (>160 μg/L) and H2O2 (>320 μg/L) after 15 min. However, some bacteria still survived after disinfection by atomized NaClO (0-80 μg/L) and H2O2 (0-160 μg/L), and they exhibited significant increases in antibiotic resistance. The whole-genome sequencing of the resistant bacteria revealed distinct mutations that were responsible for both antibiotic resistance and virulence. This study also provided evidences and insights into possible mechanisms underlying the induction of antibiotic resistance by air disinfection, which involved intracellular reactive oxygen species formation, oxidative stress responses, alterations in bacterial membranes, activation of efflux pumps, and the thickening of biofilms. The present results also shed light on the role of air disinfection in inducing antibiotic resistance, which could be a crucial factor contributing to the global spread of antibiotic resistance through the air. Oxidative disinfectants, such as sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), are widely used to ensure public health. However, excessive use of disinfectants may endanger environmental and ecological security due to the residual disinfectants and their by-products. This study evaluated the disinfection efficiency of atomized NaClO and H2O2, investigated the induction of antibiotic resistance, and also explored the underlying mechanism. This study can draw public attention to the excessive use of disinfectants, and provide evidence and suggestions for rational use of disinfectants.
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