Effects of changes in SHP2 expression on liver fibrosis by influencing the apoptosis of hepatic stellate cells

Accumulating research has revealed that src‐homology domain 2‐containing protein tyrosine phosphatase‐2 (SHP2), an oncogenic protein tyrosine phosphatase, is associated with liver fibrosis. Currently, it is still unclear whether SHP2 affects liver fibrosis by influencing the apoptosis of hepatic stellate cells (HSC). In present study, we investigate effects of SHP2 expression changes on liver fibrosis, with special emphasis on the apoptosis of HSC. Using adenovirus vector, wild‐type SHP2 gene and short hairpin RNA targeting SHP2 were introduced into rats with liver fibrosis and LX‐2 cells in vitro . The expressions of type I and III collagen, pathological and functional changes, collagen deposition in rat liver and apoptosis of LX‐2 cells were detected by immunohistochemical and HE staining, automated biochemical analyzer, Masson trichrome staining, and TUNEL. This study showed that overexpression of SHP2 exacerbated dysfunction, inflammatory damage, collagen deposition and increased expression of type I and III collagen in rat liver reduced apoptosis of LX‐2 cells. On the contrary, low expression of SHP2 alleviated the aforementioned detection indicators of rats and promoted apoptosis of LX‐2 cells. In conclusion, the downregulation of SHP2 expression alleviates liver fibrosis by inducing the apoptosis of HSC, while overexpressed SHP2 exacerbates liver fibrosis by inhibiting the apoptosis of HSC.