材料科学
金属锂
溶剂化
电解质
锂(药物)
电池(电)
法拉第效率
金属
离子电导率
电导率
电化学
离子
纳米技术
化学工程
热力学
物理化学
化学
电极
有机化学
内分泌学
功率(物理)
冶金
工程类
物理
医学
作者
Nannan Sun,Ruhong Li,Yue Zhao,Haikuo Zhang,Jiahe Chen,Jinting Xu,Zhendong Li,Xiulin Fan,Xiayin Yao,Zhé Peng
标识
DOI:10.1002/aenm.202200621
摘要
Abstract Challenges from high‐energy‐density storage applications have boosted the pursuit of designing high‐rate and low‐temperature lithium (Li) metal batteries (LMBs). Formulating high‐concentration electrolytes (HCEs) with a high transference number ( t + ) is an alternative solution to satisfy these demands. However, the implementation of HCEs is impeded by their lower ionic conductivity, higher viscosity, poorer wettability, and higher melting point, which are harmful to the practical applications. Herein, an anionic coordination manipulation strategy is proposed to break the constraints presented by HCEs. By manipulating the anionic species with different coordinating abilities, a high t + up to 0.9 can be achieved even in the low‐concentration electrolytes of 1 mol L −1 . By further forming a multilayer solvation structure in the anion manipulated electrolyte using non‐polar diluents, high Li Coulombic efficiency superior to 99% can be maintained under a high current density of 3 mA cm −2 , and much‐improved performance is also demonstrated in high‐loading Li metal pouch cells. Furthermore, when applying multilayer solvated structure in electrolyte engineering, Li metal anodes at subzero temperature and LMBs at 0 °C also exhibit impressive cycling stability. This work provides a new guideline for designing advanced electrolytes for high‐rate LMBs under practical conditions.
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