生物
节肢动物
体细胞发生
异时
分割
进化生物学
脊椎动物
基因
波前
遗传学
计算生物学
古生物学
人工智能
计算机科学
体节
物理
光学
胚胎发生
个体发育
作者
Erik Clark,Andrew Peel,Michael Akam
出处
期刊:Development
[The Company of Biologists]
日期:2019-09-15
卷期号:146 (18)
被引量:78
摘要
There is now compelling evidence that many arthropods pattern their segments using a clock-and-wavefront mechanism, analogous to that operating during vertebrate somitogenesis. In this Review, we discuss how the arthropod segmentation clock generates a repeating sequence of pair-rule gene expression, and how this is converted into a segment-polarity pattern by 'timing factor' wavefronts associated with axial extension. We argue that the gene regulatory network that patterns segments may be relatively conserved, although the timing of segmentation varies widely, and double-segment periodicity appears to have evolved at least twice. Finally, we describe how the repeated evolution of a simultaneous (Drosophila-like) mode of segmentation within holometabolan insects can be explained by heterochronic shifts in timing factor expression plus extensive pre-patterning of the pair-rule genes.
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