医学
视神经
乳头水肿
视神经病变
神经影像学
神经眼科
眼科
青光眼
精神科
作者
John B. Selhorst,Yanjun Chen
出处
期刊:Seminars in Neurology
[Georg Thieme Verlag KG]
日期:2009-02-01
卷期号:29 (01): 029-035
被引量:110
标识
DOI:10.1055/s-0028-1124020
摘要
The optic nerve is our most important cranial nerve. As it courses from the eyeball to the brain, it is divided into four segments: intraocular, intraorbital, intracanalicular, and intracranial. Four tests are primarily used to assess its functional integrity and detect optic nerve disorders. These tests are described along with key funduscopic findings. The clinical features of both common as well as notable disorders that occur along the four segments are presented. For example, papilledema and anterior ischemic optic neuropathy involve the intraocular segment, dysthyroid optic neuropathy or optic nerve sheath meningiomas affect the intraorbital segment, traumatic optic neuropathy is mainly within the intracanalicular segment, and pituitary tumors and suprasellar masses compromise the intracranial segment. Ancillary clinical symptoms and signs are highlighted that assist the neurologist in understanding and localizing each disorder along one of these segments. The chief means of confirming the diagnosis, often neuroimaging, are given, and common treatment modalities are provided.
科研通智能强力驱动
Strongly Powered by AbleSci AI