It is well known for several decades that the two enantiomeric forms of a chiral compound can have very different effects on the human body. For this reason the synthesis or extraction from a natural source of a potential new drug, as well as its marketing, require a careful control of its optical purity. Chromatographic techniques can respond extremely well to this need, both in the analytical and in the preparative field. Keywords: Chiral chromatography, enantiomer resolution, ligand-exchange, dynamic coating, impregnating chiral agent, thin layer chromatography, high performance liquid chromatography.