Formation of typical Cu–Ti intermetallic phases via a liquid-solid reaction approach

Cu–Ti intermetallic compounds are usually prepared by solid-solid Cu/Ti diffusion couples. However, we offer a rather unique approach to prepare Cu–Ti phases by simply mixing Cu and Ti powders and heating them at 1373 K. Typical CuTi2, CuTi and Cu4Ti3 phases are profusely formed. Intermetallic stoichiometry, morphology and the sequence of nucleation and growth between them are discussed in detail. Meanwhile, pertinent properties, such as hardness and fracture toughness are characterized. It is believed such technique may pave a way for faster production of Cu–Ti alloys with fine-tuned properties.