Assembly of Protein–Polysaccharide Complexes for Delivery of Bioactive Ingredients: A Perspective Paper

Protein–polysaccharide complexes can be created in various ways (physical mixing, enzymatic cross-linking, chemical cross-linking, and Maillard reaction), and diverse protein–polysaccharide complexes are generally grouped into non-covalent and covalent complexes. Delivery systems constructed through assembly of protein–polysaccharide complexes (DSAPC) consist of emulsion-based delivery systems, capsule-based delivery systems, molecular complexes, nanogels, core–shell particles, composite nanoparticles, and micelles. DSAPC are effective delivery vehicles in enhancing the overall efficacy of bioactive ingredients, and DSAPC may possess multiple advantages over other delivery vehicles in bioactive ingredient delivery. However, designing and applying DSAPC are still faced with some challenges, such as low loading of bioactive ingredients. Efforts are required to reconsider and improve efficiency of DSAPC in many aspects, such as controlled release and targeted delivery. On the basis of more comprehensive and deeper understandings, DSAPC can be designed more rationally for delivery of bioactive ingredients.