T-2 toxin impairs male fertility by disrupting hypothalamic-pituitary-testis axis and declining testicular function in mice

T-2 toxin could impair male reproductive function. But, the toxicity mechanism is still unclear. In this study, male Kunming mice were orally administrated with T-2 toxin at the doses of 0, 0.5, 1 or 2 mg/kg body weight for 28 days. The fertility, body weight, reproductive organs volume, daily sperm production (DSP), and sperm malformation rate were detected. The expressions of testosterone (T) biosynthetic enzymes, luteinizing hormone (LH)-receptor, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)-receptor and androgen binding protein (ABP) in testis were detected. The serum hormone level of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), FSH, LH, T and progesterone (P), and the mRNA expression of GnRH, GnRH-receptor, LH and FSH were measured. These results demonstrated that T-2 toxin decreased body weight, reproductive organs volume and DSP, increased sperm malformation rate. T-2 toxin impaired fertility by decreasing the mating index, fertility index, numbers of implantation sites and viable fetuses, and increasing the number of animal with resorptions. Meantime, T-2 suppressed testicular function by inhibiting T biosynthesis and decreasing FSHR, LHR and ABP expression. Furthermore, the serum reproductive hormone contents and key factors expression of hypothalamic-pituitary-testis (HPT) axis were decreased by T-2 toxin. In summary, T-2 toxin impaired the male fertility by disrupting HPT axis and impairing testicular function.