医学
大脑结构与功能
执行功能障碍
糖尿病
认知
萎缩
心脏病学
神经科学
内科学
2型糖尿病
生物信息学
胰岛素抵抗
神经心理学
心理学
内分泌学
精神科
生物
作者
Jiyin Zhou,Zhuang Zuo,Hongli Zhou,Guisheng Qian
标识
DOI:10.2174/1871530319666190206225635
摘要
Type 2 diabetes increases the risk of developing cognitive dysfunction in the elderly in the form of short-term memory and executive function impairment. Genetic and diet-induced models of type 2 diabetes further support this link, displaying deficits in working memory, learning, and memory performance. The risk factors for diabetic cognitive dysfunction include vascular disease, hypoglycaemia, hyperlipidaemia, adiposity, insulin resistance, lifestyle factors, and genetic factors. Using neuronal imaging technologies, diabetic patients with cognitive dysfunction show atrophy of the whole brain, particularly the grey matter, hippocampus and amygdala; increased volume of the ventricular and white matter; brain infarcts; impaired network integrity; abnormal microstructure; and reduced cerebral blood flow and amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations. The pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes with cognitive dysfunction involves hyperglycaemia, macrovascular and microvascular diseases, insulin resistance, inflammation, apoptosis, and disorders of neurotransmitters. Large clinical trials may offer further proof of biomarkers and risk factors for diabetic cognitive dysfunction. Advanced neuronal imaging technologies and novel disease animal models will assist in elucidating the precise pathogenesis and to provide better therapeutic interventions and treatment.
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