Three-Dimensional Simulation of Nd:YAG Crystal Growth Based on Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis Software

We performed 3D simulations of the temperature field and velocity field in the Czochralski (Cz) process by using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis software. With the obtained velocity field and temperature field in the Cz process, we showed the relative intensity of natural convection and forced convection under different rotation speeds of the growth process based on the Boussinesq approximation and by considering the conduction, convection, and radiation of heat. We simultaneously simulated the change of natural convection and forced convection due to the fall of the liquid surface level in the crucible used for Cz growth. The results will help guide Nd:YAG Cz growth with large diameters and high quality.