Predictive value of complement and coagulation indicators in sepsis related acute kidney injury

Objective: To explore the predictive value of complement and coagulation indicators in sepsis related acute kidney injury (AKI). Methods: Clinical data of 217 patients with sepsis admitted to the Department of Internal Medicine and Intensive Care Unit of Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University from January 2018 to June 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. All patients were divided into sepsis with AKI group and without AKI group. Laboratory indicators of all patients were collected, including complement C3, complement C4, activated partial thrombin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT), international normalized ratio (INR), D-dimer, procalcitonin(PCT), etc. logistic regression analysis was used to explore the risk factors of sepsis related AKI. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to evaluate the predictive value of independent risk factors. Results: Among 217 patients, 120 patients developed sepsis related AKI and 97 patients didn't. PCT, lactic acid, PT, APTT, INR and D-dimer in AKI patients were significantly higher than those without AKI (P<0.01). Complement C3 and complement C4 were significantly lower in AKI group (P<0.01). Multivariate logistic regression analysis suggested that blood pressure<90/60 mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa)(OR=3.705, 95%CI 1.536-8.934,P=0.004), increased lactic acid (OR=1.479, 95%CI 1.089-2.008, P=0.012), decreased complement C3 (OR=0.027, 95%CI 0.005-0.152, P<0.001) and prolonged APTT (OR=1.090, 95%CI 1.047-1.137,P<0.001)were independent risk factors predicting AKI. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of these multivariates were 0.741 (95%CI 0.675-0.807), 0.798 (95%CI 0.732-0.864), 0.712 (95%CI 0.643-0.781) and 0.716 (95%CI 0.648-0.783) respectively. The relevant sensitivity was 57.5%, 80.8%, 87.5%, 59.2%, and the specificity was 90.7%, 75.3%, 51.5%, 77.3%, respectively. The AUC of the combined four indicators was 0.880 (95%CI 0.835-0.926) with the sensitivity 75.0% and the specificity 90.7%. Conclusion: The low level of complement C3 and prolonged APTT predict sepsis related AKI, and the predictive value can be enhanced if hypotension and hyperlactacidemia are added.