Chemical grafting fluoropolymer on cellulose nanocrystals and its rheological modification to perfluoropolyether oil

Cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) is the sustainable nanoparticle derived from natural cellulose, widely used as the functional additive to tailor the properties and performances of diverse matters. This study attempted the application of CNC as the rheological modifier in fluorocarbon lubricating oil (perfluoropolyether, PFPE). To solve the incompatibility between cellulose and base oil, fluoropolymer was covalently grafted onto the surface of nanocrystals by living radical polymerization. The introduction of modified cellulose nanocrystals exhibited significant thickening effect to PFPE-based hybrid oils, with the increase on viscosity, improved thixotropy performance and enhanced storage modulus (G') and loss modulus (G″). In particular, when adding 10-15 wt% modified nanocrystals, a transition of G' > G″ from the flowable state to grease-like state appeared in hybrid oils, attributed to the formation of stable subnetwork based on the chain entanglement of the grafted fluoropolymer and PFPE oil.