固定(群体遗传学)
规范性
认知心理学
认知
计算机科学
心理学
贝叶斯概率
贝叶斯推理
视觉注意
情感(语言学)
计算模型
认知老化
人工智能
作者
Anthony I. Jang,Ravi Sharma,Jan Drugowitsch
出处
期刊:eLife
[eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd.]
日期:2021-03-26
卷期号:10
被引量:17
摘要
Traditional accumulation-to-bound decision-making models assume that all choice options are processed with equal attention. In real life decisions, however, humans alternate their visual fixation between individual items to efficiently gather relevant information (Yang et al., 2016). These fixations also causally affect one’s choices, biasing them toward the longer-fixated item (Krajbich et al., 2010). We derive a normative decision-making model in which attention enhances the reliability of information, consistent with neurophysiological findings (Cohen and Maunsell, 2009). Furthermore, our model actively controls fixation changes to optimize information gathering. We show that the optimal model reproduces fixation-related choice biases seen in humans and provides a Bayesian computational rationale for this phenomenon. This insight led to additional predictions that we could confirm in human data. Finally, by varying the relative cognitive advantage conferred by attention, we show that decision performance is benefited by a balanced spread of resources between the attended and unattended items.
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