NILM applications: Literature review of learning approaches, recent developments and challenges

This paper presents a critical approach to the non-intrusive load monitoring (NILM) problem, by thoroughly reviewing the experimental framework of both legacy and state-of-the-art studies. Some of the most widely used NILM datasets are presented and their characteristics, such as sampling rate and measurements availability are presented and correlated with the performance of NILM algorithms. Feature engineering approaches are analyzed, comparing the hand-made with the automatic feature extraction process, in terms of complexity and efficiency. The eolution of the learhes through time is presented, making an effort to assess the contribution of the latest state-of-the-art deep learning models to the problem. Performance evaluation methods and evaluation metrics are demonstrated and it is attempted to define the necessary requirements for the conduction of fair evaluation across different methods and datasets. NILM limitations are highlighted and future research directions are suggested.