Bacterial infections

This chapter introduces four main subtypes of bacterial infections, classified by the clinical features, and the representative diseases of each subtype. These infections are acute cutaneous infections, chronic cutaneous infections, systemic infections caused by toxins produced by bacteria, and diseases with specific clinical features that are caused by specific bacteria. Acute pyoderma occurs under the stratum corneum, producing toxins that cause blisters and crusts. The infection spreads by autoinoculation. Topical application of antibiotic ointments and oral cefem antibiotics are useful for this infection. Cellulitis, acute purulent inflammation, occurs in the deep dermal layer and subcutaneous tissue. The main treatments for this inmfection are systemic administration of antibiotics and resting of the affected area. Bacterial paronychia is purulent inflammation around the nail plate of the fingers and toes. An abraded wound or ingrown nail often induces the condition. Administration of oral antibiotics, and incision and drainage of pus are the main treatments.