Recent progress in nanocrystalline Sm–Co based magnets

Sm–Co alloys are the most promising candidates for high temperature applications in advanced power systems owing to their high Curie temperature and high thermal stability of the magnetic performance. The recently developed nanocrystalline Sm–Co based magnets exhibit great potentials for magnetic performance enhancement and are expected to enlarge applications to services under extreme conditions. However, there have been few comprehensive reviews on the development of the nanocrystalline Sm–Co magnets so far. The efforts in this article are paid to review the recent progress in both experimental and modeling studies on the nanocrystalline Sm–Co magnets. Particularly, the latest advances in nanostructuring technologies, doping modulation, data-driven composition design and strategies for enhancement of magnetic properties have been introduced and evaluated. Finally, new challenges and opportunities regarding the future development of high-performance nanocrystalline Sm–Co based magnets are proposed.