A Multi-layer Flexible Photothermal Titanium Nitride based Superhydrophobic Surface for Highly Efficient Anti-icing and De-icing

Ice accumulation presents a significant challenge for various residential activities and industrial facilities. Most current de-icing methods are time-consuming and costly. Photothermal superhydrophobic surfaces have garnered significant attention in the field of anti-icing and de-icing due to their environmentally friendly and energy-saving characteristics. However, obtaining photothermal superhydrophobic surfaces with both reliable icing delay and effective photothermal de-icing capabilities at ultra-low temperatures (<-30 °C) remains significantly challenging. In this study, we prepared a multilayer flexible photothermal TiN-based superhydrophobic surface (ML-SHS), comprising an FAS@SiO