Synthesis of SnS2 nanoparticles@carbon nanotubes as anode for high-performance half/full sodium-ion batteries

In this work, SnS2@x%CNT nanocomposites were synthesized and employed as anode materials to achieve high-performance half-cell and full-cell sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). Tin disulfide (SnS2) polygonal nanoparticles were made using a one-step hydrothermal approach. Then, the SnS2 nanoparticles were incorporated with different amounts of carbon nanotube (CNT) having a mean diameter of less than 10 nm via a ball-milling technique. The half-cell SIB using SnS2@2%CNT electrode exhibited high-rate performance (548.0 mAh g−1 at 0.1C) and long-cycle stability (197 mAh g−1 after 100 cycles at 1C). Moreover, the chemical presodiation of the SnS2-based anodes in full-cell SIBs was demonstrated for the first time. The full-cell SIB consisting of SnS2@CNT//NVP delivered an initial specific discharge capacity of 532 mAh g−1 and a specific discharge capacity of 77.6 mAh g−1 (14.6 % of 532 mAh g−1) after 100 cycles at 1C, which was superior to that using pristine SnS2//NVP. Therefore, chemically presodiated SnS2@2%CNT was a highly promising anode material of full-cell SIBs for practical application.