AI-security dilemma

Abstract How might dual-use disruptive AI technology influence security dilemma dynamics? This chapter applies the classical “security dilemma” international relations (IR) theory to consider the impact of dual-use AI technology on the uncertainties (estimates of adversaries’ “intentions” and “motives”) and insecurities within competitive strategic dyads—especially US-China. The chapter argues that specific structural (dual-use technology, offense-defense balance, asymmetric distribution of power, and regime type) and non-structural (socially constructed dynamics and cognitive-psychological) traits of dual-use AI technology intersect with the security dilemma theory in ways that might intensify these dynamics in competitive dyads—or “AI-security dilemma dynamics.” Specifically, security dilemma dynamics will shape and inform how AI influences relations between strategic dyads.