The Therapeutic Application of Stem Cells and Their Derived Exosomes in the Treatment of Radiation-Induced Skin Injury

干细胞 医学 旁分泌信号 再生(生物学) 微泡 基质血管部分 癌症研究 干细胞疗法 间质细胞 骨髓干细胞 骨髓 间充质干细胞 癌症干细胞 伤口愈合 病理 免疫学 生物 细胞生物学 内科学 小RNA 受体 基因 生物化学
作者
Ping Yang,Shuaijun Zhang,Tao Yan,Fengsheng Li,Shuyu Zhang
出处
期刊:Radiation Research [BioOne (Radiation Research Society)]
卷期号:199 (2) 被引量:1
标识
DOI:10.1667/rade-22-00023.1
摘要

Radiation-induced skin injury (RISI) is a serious concern for nuclear accidents and cancer radiotherapy, which seriously affects the quality of life of patients. This injury differs from traditional wounds due to impaired healing and the propensity to recurrence and is divided into acute and chronic phases on the basis of the injury time. Unfortunately, there are few effective therapies for preventing or mitigating this injury. Over the last few decades, various studies have focused on the effects of stem cell-based therapies to address the tissue repair and regeneration of irradiated skin. These stem cells modulate inflammation and instigate tissue repair by differentiating into specific kinds of cells or releasing paracrine factors. Stem cell-based therapies, including bone marrow-derived stem cells (BMSCs), adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) and stromal vascular fraction (SVF), have been reported to facilitate wound healing after radiation exposure. Moreover, stem cell-derived exosomes have recently been suggested as an effective and cell-free approach to support skin regeneration, circumventing the concerns respecting direct application of stem cells. Based on the literature on stem cell-based therapies for radiation-induced skin injury, we summarize the characteristics of different stem cells and describe their latest animal and clinical applications, as well as potential mechanisms. The promise of stem-cell based therapies against radiation-induced skin injury contribute to our response to nuclear events and smooth progress of cancer radiotherapy.
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