Toward Bionic Arthroscopy: A Comprehensive Perspective of Continuum Robotics Principles and Prototypes for the Inception of Arthroscopic Surgery Robots

In this study, an innovative exploration of leveraging bionics and continuum robotics principles to develop a novel solution for arthroscopic surgery is embarked on. Inspired by the flexibility and adaptability of organisms like snakes and octopuses, the continuum robot concept aims to address the inherent challenges in traditional arthroscopy, including lower precision, manual tremors, and long surgeon learning curves. The implementation of these principles in the human body, however, faces significant obstacles, particularly achieving high‐performance motion control amid strong nonlinearity and coupling between modules. This research focuses on intelligent integration and enhanced safety in human‐machine interaction, aiming for improved control precision and flexibility in arthroscopic procedures. A thorough literature review of endoscopic continuum robots is conducted, highlighting current advancements in actuation, structure, sensing, and control technologies. The study concludes with an assessment of these technologies, their limitations, and future potential, in light of the unique demands of arthroscopic continuum robots. This comprehensive review bridges bionics and robotics, presenting the opportunities and challenges in applying continuum robotics to arthroscopic surgery. The goal is to encourage further research in this area, contributing to the development of prototype robots that enhance the precision and safety of arthroscopic surgery.