Risk Factors Associated with Metabolic Syndrome in Korean Elderly

<i>Objective:</i> The aim of our study was to identify risk factors related to the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in the Korean elderly population. <i>Methods:</i> This cross-sectional study was conducted with 404 Korean elderly subjects (118 male, 286 female), aged 60 years or older between 2000 and 2003. The subjects were divided into MetS and control groups based on Adult Treatment Panel III guidelines and by applying the Asia-Pacific waist circumference. Dietary intake, blood profiles, and anthropometric variables were measured. <i>Results:</i> The MetS group had a significantly higher serum triglyceride level (p < 0.001) than the control group. The risk of the MetS was inversely associated with the intake of protein, fat, vitamin A, and vitamin E in women. Plasma levels of interleukin-1RA were higher in the MetS group (p < 0.05); however, interleukin-2 levels were not significantly different. Plasma antioxidant vitamin levels tended to be lower in the MetS group and were negatively associated with the risk factors of MetS. <i>Conclusion:</i> Korean elderly subjects with MetS tended to have an increased inflammatory response and a decreased antioxidant capacity. Furthermore, it was identified that undernutrition (especially a deficiency of antioxidant vitamins), not excess intake of energy, fat, or cholesterol, was associated with risk for MetS.