Review of the U.S. Department of Energy’s “Deep Dive” Effort to Understand Voltage Fade in Li- and Mn-Rich Cathodes

电池(电) 淡出 电气工程 储能 电压 阴极 工程物理 电信 环境科学 材料科学 纳米技术 计算机科学 工程类 物理 冶金 功率(物理) 操作系统 量子力学
作者
Jason R. Croy,Mahalingam Balasubramanian,Kevin G. Gallagher,Anthony K. Burrell
出处
期刊:Accounts of Chemical Research [American Chemical Society]
卷期号:48 (11): 2813-2821 被引量:212
标识
DOI:10.1021/acs.accounts.5b00277
摘要

The commercial introduction of the lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery nearly 25 years ago marked a technological turning point. Portable electronics, dependent on energy storage devices, have permeated our world and profoundly affected our daily lives in a way that cannot be understated. Now, at a time when societies and governments alike are acutely aware of the need for advanced energy solutions, the Li-ion battery may again change the way we do business. With roughly two-thirds of daily oil consumption in the United States allotted for transportation, the possibility of efficient and affordable electric vehicles suggests a way to substantially alleviate the Country's dependence on oil and mitigate the rise of greenhouse gases. Although commercialized Li-ion batteries do not currently meet the stringent demands of a would-be, economically competitive, electrified vehicle fleet, significant efforts are being focused on promising new materials for the next generation of Li-ion batteries. The leading class of materials most suitable for the challenge is the Li- and manganese-rich class of oxides. Denoted as LMR-NMC (Li-manganese-rich, nickel, manganese, cobalt), these materials could significantly improve energy densities, cost, and safety, relative to state-of-the-art Ni- and Co-rich Li-ion cells, if successfully developed.1 The success or failure of such a development relies heavily on understanding two defining characteristics of LMR-NMC cathodes. The first is a mechanism whereby the average voltage of cells continuously decreases with each successive charge and discharge cycle. This phenomenon, known as voltage fade, decreases the energy output of cells to unacceptable levels too early in cycling. The second characteristic is a pronounced hysteresis, or voltage difference, between charge and discharge cycles. The hysteresis represents not only an energy inefficiency (i.e., energy in vs energy out) but may also complicate the state of charge/depth of discharge management of larger systems, especially when accompanied by voltage fade. In 2012, the United States Department of Energy's Office of Vehicle Technologies, well aware of the inherent potential of LMR-NMC materials for improving the energy density of automotive energy storage systems, tasked a team of scientists across the National Laboratory Complex to investigate the phenomenon of voltage fade. Unique studies using synchrotron X-ray absorption (XAS) and high-resolution diffraction (HR-XRD) were coupled with nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR), neutron diffraction, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), first-principles calculations, molecular dynamics simulations, and detailed electrochemical analyses. These studies demonstrated for the first time the atomic-scale, structure-property relationships that exist between nanoscale inhomogeneities and defects, and the macroscale, electrochemical performance of these layered oxides. These inhomogeneities and defects have been directly correlated with voltage fade and hysteresis, and a model describing these mechanisms has been proposed. This Account gives a brief summary of the findings of this recently concluded, approximately three-year investigation. The interested reader is directed to the extensive body of work cited in the given references for a more comprehensive review of the subject.
最长约 10秒,即可获得该文献文件

科研通智能强力驱动
Strongly Powered by AbleSci AI
更新
PDF的下载单位、IP信息已删除 (2025-6-4)

科研通是完全免费的文献互助平台,具备全网最快的应助速度,最高的求助完成率。 对每一个文献求助,科研通都将尽心尽力,给求助人一个满意的交代。
实时播报
chiazy完成签到,获得积分10
刚刚
智慧金刚完成签到 ,获得积分10
刚刚
汉堡包应助科研通管家采纳,获得10
刚刚
科研通AI2S应助科研通管家采纳,获得10
刚刚
刚刚
迪鸣完成签到,获得积分0
2秒前
浪费青春传奇完成签到 ,获得积分10
5秒前
少女徐必成完成签到 ,获得积分10
5秒前
健壮的思枫完成签到,获得积分10
6秒前
棱擎1号完成签到 ,获得积分10
7秒前
9秒前
tian发布了新的文献求助10
9秒前
panpanliumin完成签到,获得积分0
10秒前
普鲁卡因发布了新的文献求助10
12秒前
Keyuuu30完成签到,获得积分0
12秒前
12秒前
学者风范完成签到 ,获得积分10
14秒前
进退须臾完成签到,获得积分10
15秒前
图图发布了新的文献求助10
15秒前
liujinjin完成签到,获得积分10
16秒前
甜甜醉波完成签到,获得积分10
16秒前
小不完成签到 ,获得积分10
17秒前
小心薛了你完成签到,获得积分10
23秒前
与离完成签到 ,获得积分10
23秒前
感性的俊驰完成签到 ,获得积分10
27秒前
疯狂的凡梦完成签到 ,获得积分10
28秒前
桥豆麻袋完成签到,获得积分10
29秒前
量子星尘发布了新的文献求助10
30秒前
Hello应助幸福的杨小夕采纳,获得10
30秒前
Lighten完成签到 ,获得积分10
31秒前
lyj完成签到 ,获得积分10
32秒前
成就茗完成签到 ,获得积分10
34秒前
ZD完成签到 ,获得积分10
43秒前
45秒前
英姑应助普鲁卡因采纳,获得10
48秒前
冰糕发布了新的文献求助10
50秒前
BettyNie完成签到 ,获得积分10
52秒前
优雅的平安完成签到 ,获得积分10
52秒前
冰糕完成签到,获得积分10
57秒前
59秒前
高分求助中
【提示信息,请勿应助】关于scihub 10000
Les Mantodea de Guyane: Insecta, Polyneoptera [The Mantids of French Guiana] 3000
徐淮辽南地区新元古代叠层石及生物地层 3000
The Mother of All Tableaux: Order, Equivalence, and Geometry in the Large-scale Structure of Optimality Theory 3000
Handbook of Industrial Diamonds.Vol2 1100
Global Eyelash Assessment scale (GEA) 1000
Picture Books with Same-sex Parented Families: Unintentional Censorship 550
热门求助领域 (近24小时)
化学 材料科学 医学 生物 工程类 有机化学 生物化学 物理 内科学 纳米技术 计算机科学 化学工程 复合材料 遗传学 基因 物理化学 催化作用 冶金 细胞生物学 免疫学
热门帖子
关注 科研通微信公众号,转发送积分 4038112
求助须知:如何正确求助?哪些是违规求助? 3575788
关于积分的说明 11373801
捐赠科研通 3305604
什么是DOI,文献DOI怎么找? 1819255
邀请新用户注册赠送积分活动 892655
科研通“疑难数据库(出版商)”最低求助积分说明 815022