The endocannabinoid system as a target for the treatment of neuronal damage

内大麻素系统 神经科学 药理学 化学 医学 生物 受体 生物化学
作者
Javier Fernández‐Ruiz,Concepción García,Onintza Sagredo,María José Gómez,Eva de Lago
出处
期刊:Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Targets [Taylor & Francis]
卷期号:14 (4): 387-404 被引量:82
标识
DOI:10.1517/14728221003709792
摘要

Cannabinoids have been proposed as clinically promising neuroprotective molecules, based on their capability to normalize glutamate homeostasis, reducing excitotoxicity, to inhibit calcium influx, lowering intracellular levels and the subsequent activation of calcium-dependent destructive pathways, and to reduce the generation of reactive oxygen intermediates or to limit their toxicity, decreasing oxidative injury. Cannabinoids are also able to decrease local inflammatory events by acting on glial processes that regulate neuronal survival, and to restore blood supply by reducing vasocontriction produced by several endothelium-derived factors.Current literature supporting these neuroprotective effects, particularly evidence generated during the last ten years, concentrating on targets within the cannabinoid signaling system that facilitate these effects. Acute or chronic neurodegenerative disorders where cannabinoids have shown neuroprotective effect.Most of the information reviewed here relates to preclinical studies. However, these molecules may progress from the present preclinical evidence to clinical applications.Treatment of neurodegenerative disorders is a challenge for neuroscientists and neurologists. Unhappily, the efficacy of available medicines is still poor and there is an urgent need for novel neuroprotective agents. Cannabinoids can serve this purpose given their recognized antiexcitotoxic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.

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