Transmission electron microscope investigations of the structure of copper precipitates in thermally-aged Fe—Cu and Fe—Cu—Ni

Abstract Conventional transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and high-resolution electron microscopy (HREM) experiments have been carried out on thermally-aged binary Fe 1·30 wt% Cu and ternary Fe 1·28 wt% Cu 1·43 wt.% Ni alloys to study the structure of small (7–15 nm) copper precipitates in the α-Fe matrix. The experiments show that the precipitates have a twinned 9R close-packed structure, rather than the expected f.c.c. structure. It is believed that this structure is generated initially by a martensitic transformation from the metastable b.c.c. phase.