Green synthetic approaches of caffeine extraction for cosmeceutical application: A review

Cosmeceuticals are attracting more and more attention in the skincare industry due to their capacity to fill the gap between cosmetics and pharmaceuticals. Extraction of caffeine through the green chemistry utilising deep eutectic solvents and green analytical procedures ensures the green chemical extraction of caffeiene from the various parts of plant. Caffeine has become one of the active components in cosmeceutical formulations that has shown promise and offers a various applications including antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, anticellulite and lipolytic properties which make it a potent candidate for cosmeceutical applications. The present review article comprehensively discusses the mechanism of action including its pathway on cellular cycles such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, and melanogenesis. Moreover, the safeties of caffeine in cosmeceutical applications are evaluated, highlighting its minimal side effects and broad consumer acceptance. The review also discusses the challenges associated with caffeine addition to cosmeceutical formulations, such as stability problems and the need for appropriate administration methods that guarantee maximum efficacy. It is examined how caffeine affects different skin types and ailments, including acne, rosacea, and photoaging, giving insights into its possible uses in focused skincare.