Properties of red mud-filled and modified resin composites

Red mud is a harmful alkaline waste discharged during alumina production, and the environmental pollution caused by red mud accumulation has become an increasingly serious problem. Incorporating red mud into resin composites can improve the properties of the composites because of its special structure and composition. It can also reduce the use of non-renewable resources required for resin production, such as petroleum, thereby reducing carbon emissions and production costs. Incorporating red mud into resin composites is expected to protect the environment from the harm caused by red mud while achieving sustainable economic and environmental development. This paper mainly provides a comprehensive review of the research status of red mud used to fill and modify resin composites in the field of building materials. Different treatment methods for red mud fillers and different composite preparation processes are used to improve the properties of composites, which are discussed in detail. The theory of the formation and bonding of the interface between red mud filler and resin is described. The importance of this paper is in summarising the technical difficulties incorporating red mud into resin composites and providing suggestions and prospects for future research.