Effect of astigmatism on the beam quality factor of Hermite-Gauss laser beams

The influence of phase aberrations on the beam quality factor of Hermite-Gauss beams is investigated. Analytical expressions of the beam quality factor of Hermite-Gauss beams due to astigmatism are derived. The results show that the width of the Hermite-Gauss beams is a significant parameter that determines how much each aberration affects the beam quality factor. This work will be beneficial and contribute to the design and development of high-power laser systems in various applications.