Effect of hydrostatic thrust bearing oil pad structure on performance

Background: The hydrostatic thrust bearing is a liquid lubrication technology based on the principle of hydrostatic pressure, characterized by high load-carrying capacity, low friction, and long lifespan. It has been widely applied in precision machinery and the spindles of high-speed, high-precision equipment. The oil pad of the hydrostatic thrust bearing is a crucial component, and its geometric structure significantly influences the bearing performance. During operation, the oil film of the hydrostatic thrust bearing is subjected to high loads and temperatures. If the oil film does not have sufficient strength, it can affect the normal operation of the bearing, leading to accidents. The oil pad structure is a key factor affecting the strength of the oil film. Therefore, the rational design of the oil pad structure is essential to ensure the performance of the hydrostatic bearing and prolong its service life. Objective: This study aimed to summarize the impact of different oil pad structures on the performance of hydrostatic thrust bearings, providing a basis for the future development of hydrostatic thrust bearings. Method: A search for journals, patents, conferences, and papers related to hydrostatic thrust bearings was conducted, and the impact of oil pad structures on hydrostatic thrust bearings was summarized and analyzed. Results: Based on the research findings of numerous scholars, this study summarizes the impact of oil pad structures on the performance of hydrostatic thrust bearings. It describes how the oil pad shape, oil pocket shape, oil pocket depth, and microtextures affect the overall performance of thrust bearings. The research methods employed are analyzed, and a concluding summary is provided regarding the influence of bearing oil pad geometric structures on bearing performance. Conclusion: This paper provides guidance for the design and optimization of the oil pad in hydrostatic thrust bearings. Finally, it outlines the future development trends of the oil pad in hydrostatic thrust bearings and provides prospects for future development trends and key areas of focus for hydrostatic thrust bearings.