Nocturnal Cardiac Arrhythmias in Heart Failure with Obstructive and Central Sleep Apnea

Both obstructive and central sleep apnea (OSA and CSA) may contribute to nocturnal cardiac arrhythmias (NCA). Data on the prevalence of clinically important nocturnal atrial and ventricular arrythmias in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and obstructive (OSA) or central sleep apnea (CSA) are scarce.