Effects of esketamine on analgesia and postpartum depression after cesarean section: A randomized, double-blinded controlled trial

Background: The aim of this randomized double-blind placebo controlled clinical trial was to investigate the effects of different doses of esketamine combined with sufentanil for postoperative intravenous controlled analgesia after cesarean section and the incidence of postpartum depression. Methods: One hundred and sixty patients undergoing elective cesarean section, with a singleton term pregnancy and American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status II were selected. All patients were treated by a combined epidural with spinal anesthesia. They were randomly divided into 4 groups according to patient controlled intravenous analgesia formula. The consumption of sufentanil, times of effective press and remediate analgesia at 48 hours after cesarean section, incidence of postpartum depression (PPD) at 1 week and 6 weeks after the operation were recorded. Results: Comparison of cumulated dosage of sufentanil, times of effective press and rescue analgesia at 48 hours after operation: Group H was significantly lower than Group M, Group L, and Group C ( P < .05), Group M significantly lower than group L and Group C ( P < .05), and Group L significantly lower than Group C ( P < .05). Comparison of the incidence of PPD at 1 week and 6 weeks later: Group H was significantly lower than Group M, Group L, and Group C ( P < .01), Group M significantly lower than Group L and Group C ( P < .01) and Group L significantly lower than Group C ( P < .01). Compared with Group C, the incidence of nausea and vomiting was significantly reduced in Group H, Group M, and Group L ( P < .05). Conclusion: Esketamine combined with sufentanil used for patient controlled intravenous analgesia after elective cesarean section can reduce the consumption of sufentanil, improve postoperative analgesia, decrease the incidence of PPD at 1 week and 6 weeks and postoperative nausea and vomiting.