Advances in Asymmetric Wettable Janus Materials for Oil–Water Separation

The frequent occurrence of crude oil spills and the indiscriminate discharge of oily wastewater have caused serious environmental pollution. The existing separation methods have some defects and are not suitable for complex oil-water emulsions. Therefore, the efficient separation of complex oil-water emulsions has been of great interest to researchers. Asymmetric wettable Janus materials, which can efficiently separate complex oil-water emulsions, have attracted widespread attention. This comprehensive review systematically summarizes the research progress of asymmetric wettable Janus materials for oil-water separation in the last decade, and introduces, in detail, the preparation methods of them. Specifically, the latest research results of two-dimensional Janus materials, three-dimensional Janus materials, smart responsive Janus materials, and environmentally friendly Janus materials for oil-water separation are elaborated. Finally, ongoing challenges and outlook for the future research of asymmetric wettable Janus materials are presented.