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Local anesthetic delivery systems for the management of postoperative pain

医学 局部麻醉剂 麻醉 止痛药 疼痛管理 毒性 导管 输液泵 输送系统 重症监护医学 外科 药理学 内科学
作者
Mingxu Zhao,Mengni Zhou,Pengcheng Lu,Ying Wang,Rong Zeng,Lifang Liu,Shasha Zhu,Lingsuo Kong,Jiqian Zhang
出处
期刊:Acta Biomaterialia [Elsevier BV]
卷期号:181: 1-18 被引量:3
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.actbio.2024.04.034
摘要

Postoperative pain (POP) is a major clinical challenge. Local anesthetics (LAs), including amide-type LAs, ester-type LAs, and other potential ion-channel blockers, are emerging as drugs for POP management because of their effectiveness and affordability. However, LAs typically exhibit short durations of action and prolonging the duration by increasing their dosage or concentration may increase the risk of motor block or systemic local anesthetic toxicity. In addition, techniques using LAs, such as intrathecal infusion, require professional operation and are prone to catheter displacement, dislodgement, infection, and nerve damage. With the development of materials science and nanotechnology, various LAs delivery systems have been developed to compensate for these disadvantages. Numerous delivery systems have been designed to continuously release a safe dose in a single administration to ensure minimal systemic toxicity and prolong pain relief. LAs delivery systems can also be designed to control the duration and intensity of analgesia according to changes in the external trigger conditions, achieve on-demand analgesia, and significantly improve pain relief and patient satisfaction. In this review, we summarize POP pathways, animal models and methods for POP testing, and highlight LAs delivery systems for POP management. Postoperative pain (POP) is a major clinical challenge. Local anesthetics (LAs) are emerging as drugs for POP management because of their effectiveness and affordability. However, they exhibit short durations and toxicity. Various LAs delivery systems have been developed to compensate for these disadvantages. They have been designed to continuously release a safe dose in a single administration to ensure minimal toxicity and prolong pain relief. LAs delivery systems can also be designed to control the duration and intensity of analgesia to achieve on-demand analgesia, and significantly improve pain relief and patient satisfaction. In this paper, we summarize POP pathways, animal models, and methods for POP testing and highlight LAs delivery systems for POP management.
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