Changes in Social, Economic, and Health Risk Factors Across the Lifespan during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Latent Transition Analysis

大流行 社会心理的 心理干预 心理弹性 老年学 人口学 医学 环境卫生 心理学 2019年冠状病毒病(COVID-19) 疾病 精神科 社会心理学 病理 社会学 传染病(医学专业)
作者
Alexandra Jackson,Raven H. Weaver,Elizabeth H. Weybright,Jane Lanigan,Louise Parker,Anaderi Iniguez,Autumn Decker
出处
期刊:Journal of prevention and health promotion [SAGE]
卷期号:3 (4): 539-562 被引量:1
标识
DOI:10.1177/26320770221096839
摘要

The COVID-19 pandemic led to unique, pervasive, and changing global impacts. It is imperative to characterize groups of individuals based on modifiable factors, and to describe how groups have been impacted by the continuing pandemic in the United States to promote health and well-being and to inform preventive interventions. We used latent transition analysis to identify subgroups of modifiable psychosocial, economic, and health risk factors; to explore subgroup shifts across time; and to assess the prevalence of non-modifiable factors associated with subgroup membership. We recruited 450 participants 18 years and older living in the United States to complete a longitudinal survey exploring health during the pandemic. Participants completed three waves of data collection from April to November 2020. We used latent transition analysis to identify statuses, shifts in prevalence over three waves, and the relationships of non-modifiable covariates with each status. Five statuses were identified: high risk together, low risk together, high risk alone, low risk alone, and financial risk together. Statuses were relatively stable over time; the majority (60%–66%) of participants were in statuses categorized by multiple indicators of high modifiable risk, and the largest transitions were to lower risk subgroups. Increasing age, being male, and living in an urban area were the only non-modifiable covariates associated with status membership. It is imperative to continue to scale up targeted interventions aimed at promoting resilience, well-being, financial well-being, delays in healthcare use, food insecurity, and depression among individuals in higher-risk subgroups to promote health and well-being.
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