Design and experimental verification of self-powered electromagnetic vibration suppression and absorption system for in-wheel motor electric vehicles

A self-powered electromagnetic vibration suppression and absorption system integrated with a magnetorheological damper and a linear motor is designed to attenuate the negative effect of vertical vibration caused by the increased unsprung mass for in-wheel motor electric vehicles in this article. The magnetorheological damper is used as a suspension damper to suppress body vibration, and linear motor is used as a dynamic vibration absorber, namely, linear electromagnetic dynamic vibration absorber, to absorb tire vibration, and regenerates the vibration power to drive the magnetorheological damper, realizing self-power. Based on power flow theory, the power transfer mechanism of the vertical vibration for in-wheel motor electric vehicles and the regeneration potential are analyzed. The negative effect on the dynamic performance of in-wheel motor electric vehicles is analyzed through the root mean square of dynamic responses. Moreover, the specific structure scheme of the self-powered electromagnetic vibration suppression and absorption system is provided. The influence of system mass, stiffness, and damping of the linear electromagnetic dynamic vibration absorber on the dynamic performance is analyzed, and these parameters are optimized by particle swarm optimization. Simulation results show that in comparison with a passive damper, the self-powered electromagnetic vibration suppression and absorption system can reduce the body acceleration by 17.05%, which is better than the magnetorheological damper (10.08%). The self-powered electromagnetic vibration suppression and absorption system increases the tire dynamic load by 5.62%, but it is 8.68% less than the magnetorheological damper. Additionally, the regenerated power can offset the consumed power adequately to realize self-power. Finally, a bench test is conducted to verify the effectiveness and feasibility of the self-powered electromagnetic vibration suppression and absorption system.