Indirect effect of mindfulness on psychological distress via sleep hygiene in division I college student athletes

ObjectiveThe unique demands placed on Division I student athletes (SAs) puts them at risk of experiencing poor sleep and increased psychological distress. Researchers have found that mindfulness improves well-being, directly and indirectly via sleep behaviors; however, it is not known if these relationships hold up within a sample of SAs. Thus, this study examined the indirect effect of mindfulness on psychological distress through sleep hygiene in SAs. Participants and methods: A sample of 269 Division I SAs were surveyed on their psychological distress, sleep hygiene, and mindfulness in 2018-2019. Results: Mindfulness directly and indirectly influenced psychological distress via sleep hygiene (B = -0.03, SE = 0.01, 95% CI [-0.05, -0.01]) such that increased mindfulness was associated with improved sleep hygiene and reduced distress. Conclusions: The results show the impact of mindfulness on sleep hygiene and psychological distress. Training SAs in mindfulness might improve sleep behaviors and in turn well-being.