[Effect of row spacing on physiological characteristics and yield of intercropped peanut with wheat.]

Using two peanut varieties Shanhua108 (early-maturing variety) and 780-15 (late maturing variety), a field experiment was conducted to investigate the influences of row-spacing of wheat (25 cm, 30 cm, 40 cm+20 cm) and two peanut cropping patterns (intercropped peanut with wheat, summer-sowing peanut) on yield components, photosynthetic characteristics, antioxidant system, and dry matter accumulation and transportation. The results showed that wide spacing form of wheat and wide-narrow row planting pattern increased the pod yield, kernel yield, leaf area index, total dry matter accumulation and photosynthetic capacity, as well as SOD, POD and CAT activities, but decreased the MDA content. There are no obvious differences of wheat yield between the two row-spacing. Intercropping system increased peanut yield compared with summer-sowing peanut, which were much higher for wide-narrow row planting pattern than row spacing of 25 cm or 30 cm. The wide-narrow row planting pattern increased the pod yield and kernel yield by 6.3%, 13.3% and 7.7%, 16.5% for Shanhua108 and 780-15 than those of row spacing of 30 cm, respectively. Wide-narrow row planting could enlarge photosynthetic area, improve the net photosynthetic rate, and increase total dry matter accumulation. Meanwhile, it could alleviate the contradictionbetween the plant individual and group, delay the senescence, and increase peanut yield.以大花生品种早熟型‘山花108’和晚熟型‘780-15’为试验材料,设置小麦3种行距配置(25 cm、30 cm、大小行40 cm+20 cm)和2种花生种植方式(麦套、夏直播),探讨不同种植模式对夏花生产量构成、光合特性、抗氧化活性和干物质积累与分配的调控作用.结果表明: 适当扩大小麦行距、相同平均行距下选用大小行种植,可提高套种花生荚果产量和籽仁产量,增大叶面积指数和干物质积累量,增强光合能力,同时提高超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶和过氧化氢酶活性,降低丙二醛含量.麦套花生产量高于夏直播花生并且以大小行处理产量最高.与小麦行距30 cm相比,大小行处理山花108和780-15两品种花生荚果产量和籽仁产量分别提高6.3%、13.3%和7.7%、16.5%.表明大小行种植有助于扩大光合面积,提高净光合速率,增加干物质积累量,同时缓解花生植株个体与群体间的矛盾,延缓衰老,从而提高麦套花生产量.