分散性
光致发光
纳米晶
材料科学
吸收(声学)
激子
量子点
纳米颗粒
化学物理
纳米技术
化学
光电子学
物理
高分子化学
凝聚态物理
复合材料
作者
Franziska Krieg,Peter C. Sercel,Max Burian,Hordii Andrusiv,Maryna I. Bodnarchuk,Thilo Stöferle,Rainer F. Mahrt,Denys Naumenko,Heinz Amenitsch,Gabriele Rainò,Maksym V. Kovalenko
出处
期刊:ACS central science
[American Chemical Society]
日期:2020-12-29
卷期号:7 (1): 135-144
被引量:80
标识
DOI:10.1021/acscentsci.0c01153
摘要
Ligand-capped nanocrystals (NCs) of lead halide perovskites, foremost fully inorganic CsPbX3 NCs, are the latest generation of colloidal semiconductor quantum dots. They offer a set of compelling characteristics—large absorption cross section, as well as narrow, fast, and efficient photoluminescence with long exciton coherence times—rendering them attractive for applications in light-emitting devices and quantum optics. Monodisperse and shape-uniform, broadly size-tunable, scalable, and robust NC samples are paramount for unveiling their basic photophysics, as well as for putting them into use. Thus far, no synthesis method fulfilling all these requirements has been reported. For instance, long-chain zwitterionic ligands impart the most durable surface coating, but at the expense of reduced size uniformity of the as-synthesized colloid. In this work, we demonstrate that size-selective precipitation of CsPbBr3 NCs coated with a long-chain sulfobetaine ligand, namely, 3-(N,N-dimethyloctadecylammonio)-propanesulfonate, yields monodisperse and sizable fractions (>100 mg inorganic mass) with the mean NC size adjustable in the range between 3.5 and 16 nm and emission peak wavelength between 479 and 518 nm. We find that all NCs exhibit an oblate cuboidal shape with the aspect ratio of 1.2 × 1.2 × 1. We present a theoretical model (effective mass/k·p) that accounts for the anisotropic NC shape and describes the size dependence of the first and second excitonic transition in absorption spectra and explains room-temperature exciton lifetimes. We also show that uniform zwitterion-capped NCs readily form long-range ordered superlattices upon solvent evaporation. In comparison to more conventional ligand systems (oleic acid and oleylamine), supercrystals of zwitterion-capped NCs exhibit larger domain sizes and lower mosaicity. Both kinds of supercrystals exhibit superfluorescence at cryogenic temperatures—accelerated collective emission arising from the coherent coupling of the emitting dipoles.
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