Freestanding vanadium nitride nanowire membrane as an efficient, carbon-free gas diffusion cathode for Li–CO2 batteries

Abstract A freestanding vanadium nitride nanowire (VN-NW) membrane is employed as a carbon-free gas diffusion cathode (GDC) for high-performance Li–CO2 batteries. Li–CO2 cells built with the VN-NW GDC exhibit excellent electrochemical performance, achieving 100 discharge/charge cycles with an ultralow round-trip overpotential of