精神病
大麻
精神科
医学
混淆
队列
队列研究
药物滥用
前瞻性队列研究
心理学
内科学
作者
Antti Mustonen,T. Ahokas,Tanja Nordström,Graham K. Murray,Pirjo Mäki,Erika Jääskeläinen,Anni Heiskala,John J. McGrath,James G. Scott,Jouko Miettunen,Solja Niemelä
摘要
Objective Daily smoking has been associated with a greater risk of psychosis. However, we are still lacking studies to adjust for baseline psychotic experiences and other substance use. We examined associations between daily smoking and psychosis risk in a 15‐year follow‐up while accounting for these covariates in a prospective sample ( N = 6081) from the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1986. Methods Self‐report questionnaires on psychotic experiences ( PROD ‐screen), tobacco smoking and other substance use were completed when the cohort members were 15–16 years old. Tobacco smoking was categorized into three groups (non‐smokers, 1–9 cigarettes and ≥10 cigarettes/day). Psychosis diagnoses were obtained from national registers until the age of 30 years. Results Subjects in heaviest smoking category were at increased risk of subsequent psychosis (unadjusted HR = 3.15; 95% CI 1.94–5.13). When adjusted for baseline psychotic experiences the association persisted ( HR = 2.87; 1.76–4.68) and remained significant even after adjustments for multiple known risk factors such as cannabis use, frequent alcohol use, other illicit substance use, parental substance abuse, and psychosis. Furthermore, number of smoked cigarettes increased psychosis risk in a dose–response manner (adjusted OR = 1.05; 1.01–1.08). Conclusion Heavy tobacco smoking in adolescence was associated with a greater risk for psychosis even after adjustment for confounders.
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