Driving factors for distribution and transformation of heavy metals speciation in a zinc smelting site

遗传算法 冶炼 污染 环境化学 有机质 环境科学 碳酸盐 环境修复 化学 生态学 污染 生物 有机化学
作者
Jin He,Chuxuan Li,Xingyao Tan,Zhihong Peng,Haidong Li,Xinghua Luo,Lu Tang,Jing Wei,Chong-Jian Tang,Weichun Yang,Jun Jiang,Shengguo Xue
出处
期刊:Journal of Hazardous Materials [Elsevier]
卷期号:471: 134413-134413 被引量:3
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134413
摘要

Heavy metal pollution at an abandoned smelter pose a significant risk to environmental health. However, remediation strategies are constrained by inadequate knowledge of the polymetallic distribution, speciation patterns, and transformation factors at these sites. This study investigates the influence of soil minerals, heavy metal occurrence forms, and environmental factors on heavy metal migration behaviors and speciation transformations. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that the minerals associated with heavy metals are mainly hematite, franklinite, sphalerite, and galena. Sequential extraction results suggest that lead and zinc are primarily present in the organic-sulfide fractions (F4) and residual form (F5) in the soil, accounting for over 70% of the total heavy metal content. Zinc displayed greater instability in carbonate-bound (16%) and exchangeable (2%) forms. The migration and diffusion patterns of heavy metals in the subsurface environment were visualized through the simulation of labile state heavy metals, demonstrating high congruence with groundwater pollution distribution patterns. The key environmental factors influencing heavy metal stable states (F4 and F5) were assessed by integrating random forest models and redundancy analysis. Primary factors facilitating Pb transformation into stable states were available phosphorus, clay content, depth, and soil organic matter. For Zn, the principal drivers were Mn oxides, soil organic matter, clay content, and inorganic sulfur ions. These findings enhance understanding of the distribution and transformation of heavy metal speciation and can provide valuable insights into controlling heavy metal pollution at non-ferrous smelting sites.
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