Bacterial nanocellulose: Optimized synthesis and biomedical applications

Bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) is a highly crystalline, highly polymerized material with a high aspect ratio, excellent flexibility, high water holding capacity, tensile strength,and other unique features. High purity cellulose can be produced with a variety of physio-chemical properties based on that growth medium and kinds of fermentation processes. Generally regarded as safe and as one of the most biomaterial, BNC has been utilized in a broad variety of biomedical applications, such as wound healing, dentistry, medical implants, tissue engineering scaffolds fabrication, and biosensing. The major limitations of BNC such as scaling up, control of fermentation culture, lesser yield, and huge capital expenses are to be resolved before implementing to commercial scale. In light of ongoing evolution into valuable medical products, the possible synthetic methodologies, their challenges and potential consequences are discussed in this review.