Mathematical Analysis of Hepatitis B Virus Transmission Dynamics in the Absence of Therapy with Atangana-Baleanu Fractional -Order SPQWXY Model

This paper presents an innovative fractional order network model aimed at elucidating the transmission dynamics of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV). Incorporating fractional calculus enables the model to capture the intricate, memory-dependent mechanisms inherent in HBV spread, thereby overcoming the constraints of conventional integer order models. The primary objective of the study is to develop a more precise depiction of HBV transmission, encompassing both vertical and horizontal routes in the absence of vaccination strategies. Furthermore, the paper assesses the existence and uniqueness of solutions utilizing the Banach fixed point theory with the Picard-Lindelf approach. Numerical simulations conducted across various fractional orders reveal that as the fractional order decreases from 1, the rate of endemic spread decelerates.