Joint optimization of UAV position and user grouping for UAV‐assisted hybrid NOMA systems

This article investigates the use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in assisting hybrid non‐orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) systems to enhance spectrum efficiency and communication connectivity. A joint optimization problem is formulated for UAV positioning and user grouping to maximize the sum rate. The formulated problem exhibits non‐convexity, calling for an effective solution. To address this issue, a two‐stage approach is proposed. In the first stage, a particle swarm optimization algorithm is employed to optimize the UAV positions without considering user grouping. With the UAV positions optimized, a game theory‐based approach is utilized in the second stage to optimize user grouping and improve the sum rate of the hybrid NOMA system. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed two‐stage method achieves solutions close to the global optimum of the original problem. By optimizing the positions of UAVs and user groups, the sum rate can be effectively improved. Additionally, optimizing the deployment of UAVs ensures better fairness in providing communication services to multiple users.